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Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into improving-nip01

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# Conflicts:
#	01.md
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Vitor Pamplona 2024-03-28 18:30:50 -04:00
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@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ It will make a GET request to `https://example.com/.well-known/nostr.json?name=b
}
````
or with the **optional** `"relays"` attribute:
or with the **recommended** `"relays"` attribute:
```json
{
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ or with the **optional** `"relays"` attribute:
If the pubkey matches the one given in `"names"` (as in the example above) that means the association is right and the `"nip05"` identifier is valid and can be displayed.
The optional `"relays"` attribute may contain an object with public keys as properties and arrays of relay URLs as values. When present, that can be used to help clients learn in which relays the specific user may be found. Web servers which serve `/.well-known/nostr.json` files dynamically based on the query string SHOULD also serve the relays data for any name they serve in the same reply when that is available.
The recommended `"relays"` attribute may contain an object with public keys as properties and arrays of relay URLs as values. When present, that can be used to help clients learn in which relays the specific user may be found. Web servers which serve `/.well-known/nostr.json` files dynamically based on the query string SHOULD also serve the relays data for any name they serve in the same reply when that is available.
## Finding users from their NIP-05 identifier

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@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ Aside from these two basic above, the following functions can also be implemente
async window.nostr.getRelays(): { [url: string]: {read: boolean, write: boolean} } // returns a basic map of relay urls to relay policies
async window.nostr.nip04.encrypt(pubkey, plaintext): string // returns ciphertext and iv as specified in nip-04 (deprecated)
async window.nostr.nip04.decrypt(pubkey, ciphertext): string // takes ciphertext and iv as specified in nip-04 (deprecated)
async window.nostr.nip44.encrypt(pubkey, plaintext): string // returns ciphertext as specified in nip-44
async window.nostr.nip44.decrypt(pubkey, ciphertext): string // takes ciphertext as specified in nip-44
```
### Implementation

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@ -20,9 +20,10 @@ reposted.
## Quote Reposts
Quote reposts are `kind 1` events with an embedded `e` tag
(see [NIP-08](08.md) and [NIP-27](27.md)). Because a quote repost includes
an `e` tag, it may show up along replies to the reposted note.
Quote reposts are `kind 1` events with an embedded `q` tag of the note being
quote reposted. The `q` tag ensures quote reposts are not pulled and included
as replies in threads. It also allows you to easily pull and count all of the
quotes for a post.
## Generic Reposts

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@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ These are extra fields not specified in NIP-01 that may be present in the string
- `display_name`: an alternative, bigger name with richer characters than `name`. `name` should always be set regardless of the presence of `display_name` in the metadata.
- `website`: a web URL related in any way to the event author.
- `banner`: an URL to a wide (~1024x768) picture to be optionally displayed in the background of a profile screen.
- `bot`: a boolean to clarify that the content is entirely or partially the result of automation, such as with chatbots or newsfeeds.
### Deprecated fields

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NIP-29
======
Relay-based Groups
------------------
`draft` `optional`
This NIP defines a standard for groups that are only writable by a closed set of users. They can be public for reading by external users or not.
Groups are identified by a random string of any length that serves as an _id_.
There is no way to create a group, what happens is just that relays (most likely when asked by users) will create rules around some specific ids so these ids can serve as an actual group, henceforth messages sent to that group will be subject to these rules.
Normally a group will originally belong to one specific relay, but the community may choose to move the group to other relays or even fork the group so it exists in different forms -- still using the same _id_ -- across different relays.
## Relay-generated events
Relays are supposed to generate the events that describe group metadata and group admins. These are parameterized replaceable events signed by the relay keypair directly, with the group _id_ as the `d` tag.
## Group identifier
A group may be identified by a string in the format `<host>'<group-id>`. For example, a group with _id_ `abcdef` hosted at the relay `wss://groups.nostr.com` would be identified by the string `groups.nostr.com'abcdef`.
## The `h` tag
Events sent by users to groups (chat messages, text notes, moderation events etc) must have an `h` tag with the value set to the group _id_.
## Timeline references
In order to not be used out of context, events sent to these groups may contain references to previous events seen from the same relay in the `previous` tag. The choice of which previous events to pick belongs to the clients. The references are to be made using the first 8 characters (4 bytes) of any event in the last 50 events seen by the user in the relay, excluding events by themselves. There can be any number of references (including zero), but it's recommended that clients include at least 3 and that relays enforce this.
This is a hack to prevent messages from being broadcasted to external relays that have forks of one group out of context. Relays are expected to reject any events that contain timeline references to events not found in their own database. Clients should also check these to keep relays honest about them.
## Late publication
Relays should prevent late publication (messages published now with a timestamp from days or even hours ago) unless they are open to receive a group forked or moved from another relay.
## Event definitions
- *text root note* (`kind:11`)
This is the basic unit of a "microblog" root text note sent to a group.
```js
"kind": 11,
"content": "hello my friends lovers of pizza",
"tags": [
["h", "<group-id>"],
["previous", "<event-id-first-chars>", "<event-id-first-chars>", ...]
]
...
```
- *threaded text reply* (`kind:12`)
This is the basic unit of a "microblog" reply note sent to a group. It's the same as `kind:11`, except for the fact that it must be used whenever it's in reply to some other note (either in reply to a `kind:11` or a `kind:12`). `kind:12` events SHOULD use NIP-10 markers, leaving an empty relay url:
* `["e", "<kind-11-root-id>", "", "root"]`
* `["e", "<kind-12-event-id>", "", "reply"]`
- *chat message* (`kind:9`)
This is the basic unit of a _chat message_ sent to a group.
```js
"kind": 9,
"content": "hello my friends lovers of pizza",
"tags": [
["h", "<group-id>"],
["previous", "<event-id-first-chars>", "<event-id-first-chars>", ...]
]
...
```
- *chat message threaded reply* (`kind:10`)
Similar to `kind:12`, this is the basic unit of a chat message sent to a group. This is intended for in-chat threads that may be hidden by default. Not all in-chat replies MUST use `kind:10`, only when the intention is to create a hidden thread that isn't part of the normal flow of the chat (although clients are free to display those by default too).
`kind:10` SHOULD use NIP-10 markers, just like `kind:12`.
- *join request* (`kind:9021`)
Any user can send one of these events to the relay in order to be automatically or manually added to the group. If the group is `open` the relay will automatically issue a `kind:9000` in response adding this user. Otherwise group admins may choose to query for these requests and act upon them.
```js
{
"kind": 9021,
"content": "optional reason",
"tags": [
["h", "<group-id>"]
]
}
```
- *moderation events* (`kinds:9000-9020`) (optional)
Clients can send these events to a relay in order to accomplish a moderation action. Relays must check if the pubkey sending the event is capable of performing the given action. The relay may discard the event after taking action or keep it as a moderation log.
```js
{
"kind": 90xx,
"content": "optional reason",
"tags": [
["h", "<group-id>"],
["previous", ...]
]
}
```
Each moderation action uses a different kind and requires different arguments, which are given as tags. These are defined in the following table:
| kind | name | tags |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 9000 | `add-user` | `p` (pubkey hex) |
| 9001 | `remove-user` | `p` (pubkey hex) |
| 9002 | `edit-metadata` | `name`, `about`, `picture` (string) |
| 9003 | `add-permission` | `p` (pubkey), `permission` (name) |
| 9004 | `remove-permission` | `p` (pubkey), `permission` (name) |
| 9005 | `delete-event` | `e` (id hex) |
| 9006 | `edit-group-status` | `public` or `private`, `open` or `closed` |
- *group metadata* (`kind:39000`) (optional)
This event defines the metadata for the group -- basically how clients should display it. It must be generated and signed by the relay in which is found. Relays shouldn't accept these events if they're signed by anyone else.
If the group is forked and hosted in multiple relays, there will be multiple versions of this event in each different relay and so on.
```js
{
"kind": 39000,
"content": "",
"tags": [
["d", "<group-id>"],
["name", "Pizza Lovers"],
["picture", "https://pizza.com/pizza.png"],
["about", "a group for people who love pizza"],
["public"], // or ["private"]
["open"] // or ["closed"]
]
...
}
```
`name`, `picture` and `about` are basic metadata for the group for display purposes. `public` signals the group can be _read_ by anyone, while `private` signals that only AUTHed users can read. `open` signals that anyone can request to join and the request will be automatically granted, while `closed` signals that members must be pre-approved or that requests to join will be manually handled.
- *group admins* (`kind:39001`) (optional)
Similar to the group metadata, this event is supposed to be generated by relays that host the group.
Each admin gets a label that is only used for display purposes, and a list of permissions it has are listed afterwards. These permissions can inform client building UI, but ultimately are evaluated by the relay in order to become effective.
The list of capabilities, as defined by this NIP, for now, is the following:
- `add-user`
- `edit-metadata`
- `delete-event`
- `remove-user`
- `add-permission`
- `remove-permission`
- `edit-group-status`
```js
{
"kind": 39001,
"content": "list of admins for the pizza lovers group",
"tags": [
["d", "<group-id>"],
["p", "<pubkey1-as-hex>", "ceo", "add-user", "edit-metadata", "delete-event", "remove-user"],
["p", "<pubkey2-as-hex>", "secretary", "add-user", "delete-event"]
]
...
}
```
- *group members* (`kind:39002`) (optional)
Similar to *group admins*, this event is supposed to be generated by relays that host the group.
It's a NIP-51-like list of pubkeys that are members of the group. Relays might choose to not to publish this information or to restrict what pubkeys can fetch it.
```json
{
"kind": 39002,
"content": "list of members for the pizza lovers group",
"tags": [
["d", "<group-id>"],
["p", "<admin1>"],
["p", "<member-pubkey1>"],
["p", "<member-pubkey2>"],
]
}
```
## Storing the list of groups a user belongs to
A definition for kind `10009` was included in [NIP-51](51.md) that allows clients to store the list of groups a user wants to remember being in.

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NIP-34
======
`git` stuff
-----------
`draft` `optional`
This NIP defines all the ways code collaboration using and adjacent to [`git`](https://git-scm.com/) can be done using Nostr.
## Repository announcements
Git repositories are hosted in Git-enabled servers, but their existence can be announced using Nostr events, as well as their willingness to receive patches, bug reports and comments in general.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 30617,
"content": "",
"tags": [
["d", "<repo-id>"],
["name", "<human-readable project name>"],
["description", "brief human-readable project description>"],
["web", "<url for browsing>", ...], // a webpage url, if the git server being used provides such a thing
["clone", "<url for git-cloning>", ...], // a url to be given to `git clone` so anyone can clone it
["relays", "<relay-url>", ...] // relays that this repository will monitor for patches and issues
]
}
```
The tags `web`, `clone`, `relays` can have multiple values.
Except `d`, all tags are optional.
## Patches
Patches can be sent by anyone to any repository. Patches to a specific repository SHOULD be sent to the relays specified in that repository's announcement event's `"relays"` tag. Patch events SHOULD include an `a` tag pointing to that repository's announcement address.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1617,
"content": "<patch>", // contents of <git format-patch>
"tags": [
["a", "30617:<base-repo-owner-pubkey>:<base-repo-id>"],
["p", "<repository-owner>"],
["p", "<other-user>"], // optionally send the patch to another user to bring it to their attention
// for the first patch in a thread or series
["t", "root"],
// optional tags for when it is desirable that the merged patch has a stable commit id
// these fields are necessary for ensuring that the commit resulting from applying a patch
// has the same id as it had in the proposer's machine -- all these tags can be omitted
// if the maintainer doesn't care about these things
["commit", "<current-commit-id>"],
["parent-commit", "<parent-commit-id>"],
["commit-pgp-sig", "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----..."], // empty string for unsigned commit
["committer", "<name>", "<email>", "<timestamp>", "<timezone offset in minutes>"],
]
}
```
## Issues
Issues are Markdown text that is just human-readable conversational threads related to the repository: bug reports, feature requests, questions or comments of any kind. Like patches, these SHOULD be sent to the relays specified in that repository's announcement event's `"relays"` tag.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1621,
"content": "<markdown text>",
"tags": [
["a", "30617:<base-repo-owner-pubkey>:<base-repo-id>"],
["p", "<repository-owner>"]
]
}
```
## Replies
Replies are also Markdown text. The difference is that they MUST be issued as replies to either a `kind:1621` _issue_ or a `kind:1617` _patch_ event. The threading of replies and patches should follow NIP-10 rules.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1622,
"content": "<markdown text>",
"tags": [
["a", "30617:<base-repo-owner-pubkey>:<base-repo-id>", "<relay-url>"],
["e", "<issue-or-patch-id-hex>", "", "root"],
// other "e" and "p" tags should be applied here when necessary, following the threading rules of NIP-10
["p", "<patch-author-pubkey-hex>", "", "mention"],
["e", "<previous-reply-id-hex>", "", "reply"],
// ...
]
}
```
## Possible things to be added later
- "status" kind (for letting people know a patch was merged or an issue was fixed or won't be fixed)
- "branch merge" kind (specifying a URL from where to fetch the branch to be merged)
- "cover letter" kind (to which multiple patches can refer and serve as a unifying layer to them)
- inline file comments kind (we probably need one for patches and a different one for merged files)

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NIP-46
======
# NIP-46 - Nostr Remote Signing
Nostr Connect
-------------
## Rationale
`draft` `optional`
Private keys should be exposed to as few systems - apps, operating systems, devices - as possible as each system adds to the attack surface.
This NIP describes a method for 2-way communication between a **remote signer** and a normal Nostr client. The remote signer could be, for example, a hardware device dedicated to signing Nostr events, while the client is a normal Nostr client.
This NIP describes a method for 2-way communication between a remote signer and a Nostr client. The remote signer could be, for example, a hardware device dedicated to signing Nostr events, while the client is a normal Nostr client.
## Signer Discovery
## Terminology
The client always starts by generating a random key which is used to communicate with the signer, then it one of the methods below is used to allow the client to know what is the signer public key for the session and which relays to use.
- **Local keypair**: A local public and private key-pair used to encrypt content and communicate with the remote signer. Usually created by the client application.
- **Remote user pubkey**: The public key that the user wants to sign as. The remote signer has control of the private key that matches this public key.
- **Remote signer pubkey**: This is the public key of the remote signer itself. This is needed in both `create_account` command because you don't yet have a remote user pubkey.
### Started by the signer (nsecBunker)
All pubkeys specified in this NIP are in hex format.
The remote signer generates a connection token in the form
## Initiating a connection
To initiate a connection between a client and a remote signer there are a few different options.
### Direct connection initiated by remote signer
This is most common in a situation where you have your own nsecbunker or other type of remote signer and want to connect through a client that supports remote signing.
The remote signer would provide a connection token in the form:
```
<npub1...>#<optional-secret>?relay=wss://...&relay=wss://...
bunker://<remote-pubkey>?relay=<wss://relay-to-connect-on>&relay=<wss://another-relay-to-connect-on>&secret=<optional-secret-value>
```
The user copies that token and pastes it in the client UI somehow. Then the client can send events of kind `24133` to the specified relays and wait for responses from the remote signer.
This token is pasted into the client by the user and the client then uses the details to connect to the remote signer via the specified relay(s).
### Started by the client
### Direct connection initiated by the client
The client generates a QR code in the following form (URL-encoded):
In this case, basically the opposite direction of the first case, the client provides a connection token (or encodes the token in a QR code) and the signer initiates a connection to the client via the specified relay(s).
```
nostrconnect://<client-key-hex>?relay=wss://...&metadata={"name":"...", "url": "...", "description": "..."}
nostrconnect://<local-keypair-pubkey>?relay=<wss://relay-to-connect-on>&metadata=<json metadata in the form: {"name":"...", "url": "...", "description": "..."}>
```
The signer scans the QR code and sends a `connect` message to the client in the specified relays.
## The flow
## Event payloads
1. Client creates a local keypair. This keypair doesn't need to be communicated to the user since it's largely disposable (i.e. the user doesn't need to see this pubkey). Clients might choose to store it locally and they should delete it when the user logs out.
2. Client gets the remote user pubkey (either via a `bunker://` connection string or a NIP-05 login-flow; shown below)
3. Clients use the local keypair to send requests to the remote signer by `p`-tagging and encrypting to the remote user pubkey.
4. The remote signer responds to the client by `p`-tagging and encrypting to the local keypair pubkey.
Event payloads are [NIP-04](04.md)-encrypted JSON blobs that look like JSONRPC messages (their format is specified inside the `.content` of the event formats below).
### Example flow for signing an event
Events sent by the client to the remote signer have the following format:
- Remote user pubkey (e.g. signing as) `fa984bd7dbb282f07e16e7ae87b26a2a7b9b90b7246a44771f0cf5ae58018f52`
- Local pubkey is `eff37350d839ce3707332348af4549a96051bd695d3223af4aabce4993531d86`
```js
#### Signature request
```json
{
"pubkey": "<client-key-hex>"
"kind": 24133,
"tags": [
["p", "<signer-key-hex>"]
],
"content": "nip04_encrypted_json({id: <random-string>, method: <see-below>, params: [array_of_strings]})",
...
"kind": 24133,
"pubkey": "eff37350d839ce3707332348af4549a96051bd695d3223af4aabce4993531d86",
"content": nip04({
"id": <random_string>,
"method": "sign_event",
"params": [json_stringified(<{
content: "Hello, I'm signing remotely",
pubkey: "fa984bd7dbb282f07e16e7ae87b26a2a7b9b90b7246a44771f0cf5ae58018f52",
// ...the rest of the event data
}>)]
}),
"tags": [["p", "fa984bd7dbb282f07e16e7ae87b26a2a7b9b90b7246a44771f0cf5ae58018f52"]], // p-tags the remote user pubkey
}
```
And the events the remote signer sends to the client have the following format:
#### Response event
```js
"pubkey": "<signer-key-hex>"
"kind": 24133,
"tags": [
["p", "<client-key-hex>"]
],
"content": "nip04_encrypted_json({id: <request-id>, result: <string>, error: <reason-string>})",
...
```json
{
"kind": 24133,
"pubkey": "fa984bd7dbb282f07e16e7ae87b26a2a7b9b90b7246a44771f0cf5ae58018f52",
"content": nip04({
"id": <random_string>,
"result": json_stringified(<signed-event>)
}),
"tags": [["p", "eff37350d839ce3707332348af4549a96051bd695d3223af4aabce4993531d86"]], // p-tags the local keypair pubkey
}
```
The signer key will always be the key of the user who controls the signer device.
#### Diagram
### Methods
![signing-example](https://i.nostr.build/P3gW.png)
- **connect**
- params: [`pubkey`, `secret`]
- result: `"ack"`
- **get_public_key**
- params: []
- result: `pubkey-hex`
- **sign_event**
- params: [`event`]
- result: `json_string(event_with_pubkey_id_and_signature)`
- **get_relays**
- params: []
- result: `json_string({[url: string]: {read: boolean, write: boolean}})`
- **nip04_encrypt**
- params: [`third-party-pubkey`, `plaintext`]
- result: `nip04-ciphertext`
- **nip04_decrypt**
- params: [`third-party-pubkey`, `nip04-ciphertext`]
- result: `plaintext`
- **nip44_get_key**
- params: [`third-party-pubkey`]
- result: `nip44-conversation-key`
- **nip44_encrypt**
- params: [`third-party-pubkey`, `plaintext`]
- result: `nip44-ciphertext`
- **nip44_decrypt**
- params: [`third-party-pubkey`, `nip44-ciphertext`]
- result: `plaintext`
- **ping**
- params: []
- result: `"pong"`
## Request Events `kind: 24133`
```json
{
"id": <id>,
"kind": 24133,
"pubkey": <local_keypair_pubkey>,
"content": <nip04(<request>)>,
"tags": [["p", <remote_user_pubkey>]], // NB: in the `create_account` event, the remote signer pubkey should be `p` tagged.
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>
}
```
The `content` field is a JSON-RPC-like message that is [NIP-04](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/04.md) encrypted and has the following structure:
```json
{
"id": <random_string>,
"method": <method_name>,
"params": [array_of_strings]
}
```
- `id` is a random string that is a request ID. This same ID will be sent back in the response payload.
- `method` is the name of the method/command (detailed below).
- `params` is a positional array of string parameters.
### Methods/Commands
Each of the following are methods that the client sends to the remote signer.
| Command | Params | Result |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `connect` | `[<remote_user_pubkey>, <optional_secret>, <optional_requested_permissions>]` | "ack" |
| `sign_event` | `[<json_stringified_event_to_sign>]` | `json_stringified(<signed_event>)` |
| `ping` | `[]` | "pong" |
| `get_relays` | `[]` | `json_stringified({<relay_url>: {read: <boolean>, write: <boolean>}})` |
| `get_public_key` | `[]` | `<hex-pubkey>` |
| `nip04_encrypt` | `[<third_party_pubkey>, <plaintext_to_encrypt>]` | `<nip04_ciphertext>` |
| `nip04_decrypt` | `[<third_party_pubkey>, <nip04_ciphertext_to_decrypt>]` | `<plaintext>` |
| `nip44_encrypt` | `[<third_party_pubkey>, <plaintext_to_encrypt>]` | `<nip44_ciphertext>` |
| `nip44_decrypt` | `[<third_party_pubkey>, <nip44_ciphertext_to_decrypt>]` | `<plaintext>` |
### Requested permissions
The `connect` method may be provided with `optional_requested_permissions` for user convenience. The permissions are a comma-separated list of `method[:params]`, i.e. `nip04_encrypt,sign_event:4` meaning permissions to call `nip04_encrypt` and to call `sign_event` with `kind:4`. Optional parameter for `sign_event` is the kind number, parameters for other methods are to be defined later.
## Response Events `kind:24133`
```json
{
"id": <id>,
"kind": 24133,
"pubkey": <remote_signer_pubkey>,
"content": <nip04(<response>)>,
"tags": [["p", <local_keypair_pubkey>]],
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>
}
```
The `content` field is a JSON-RPC-like message that is [NIP-04](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/04.md) encrypted and has the following structure:
```json
{
"id": <request_id>,
"result": <results_string>,
"error": <error_string>
}
```
- `id` is the request ID that this response is for.
- `results` is a string of the result of the call (this can be either a string or a JSON stringified object)
- `error` is an error in string form.
### Auth Challenges
An Auth Challenge is a response that a remote signer can send back when it needs the user to authenticate via other means. This is currently used in the OAuth-like flow enabled by signers like [Nsecbunker](https://github.com/kind-0/nsecbunkerd/). The response `content` object will take the following form:
```json
{
"id": <request_id>,
"result": "auth_url",
"error": <URL_to_display_to_end_user>
}
```
Clients should display (in a popup or new tab) the URL from the `error` field and then subscribe/listen for another response from the remote signer (reusing the same request ID). This event will be sent once the user authenticates in the other window (or will never arrive if the user doesn't authenticate). It's also possible to add a `redirect_uri` url parameter to the auth_url, which is helpful in situations when a client cannot open a new window or tab to display the auth challenge.
#### Example event signing request with auth challenge
![signing-example-with-auth-challenge](https://i.nostr.build/W3aj.png)
## Remote Signer Commands
Remote signers might support additional commands when communicating directly with it. These commands follow the same flow as noted above, the only difference is that when the client sends a request event, the `p`-tag is the pubkey of the remote signer itself and the `content` payload is encrypted to the same remote signer pubkey.
### Methods/Commands
Each of the following are methods that the client sends to the remote signer.
| Command | Params | Result |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| `create_account` | `[<username>, <domain>, <optional_email>, <optional_requested_permissions>]` | `<newly_created_remote_user_pubkey>` |
## Appendix
### NIP-05 Login Flow
Clients might choose to present a more familiar login flow, so users can type a NIP-05 address instead of a `bunker://` string.
When the user types a NIP-05 the client:
- Queries the `/.well-known/nostr.json` file from the domain for the NIP-05 address provided to get the user's pubkey (this is the **remote user pubkey**)
- In the same `/.well-known/nostr.json` file, queries for the `nip46` key to get the relays that the remote signer will be listening on.
- Now the client has enough information to send commands to the remote signer on behalf of the user.
### OAuth-like Flow
#### Remote signer discovery via NIP-89
In this last case, most often used to fascilitate an OAuth-like signin flow, the client first looks for remote signers that have announced themselves via NIP-89 application handler events.
First the client will query for `kind: 31990` events that have a `k` tag of `24133`.
These are generally shown to a user, and once the user selects which remote signer to use and provides the remote user pubkey they want to use (via npub, pubkey, or nip-05 value), the client can initiate a connection. Note that it's on the user to select the remote signer that is actually managing the remote key that they would like to use in this case. If the remote user pubkey is managed on another remote signer, the connection will fail.
In addition, it's important that clients validate that the pubkey of the announced remote signer matches the pubkey of the `_` entry in the `/.well-known/nostr.json` file of the remote signer's announced domain.
Clients that allow users to create new accounts should also consider validating the availability of a given username in the namespace of remote signer's domain by checking the `/.well-known/nostr.json` file for existing usernames. Clients can then show users feedback in the UI before sending a `create_account` event to the remote signer and receiving an error in return. Ideally, remote signers would also respond with understandable error messages if a client tries to create an account with an existing username.
#### Example Oauth-like flow to create a new user account with Nsecbunker
Coming soon...
## References
- [NIP-04 - Encryption](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/04.md)

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@ -7,26 +7,26 @@ Private Key Encryption
`draft` `optional`
This NIP defines a method by which clients can encrypt (and decrypt) a user's private key with a passphrase.
This NIP defines a method by which clients can encrypt (and decrypt) a user's private key with a password.
Symmetric Encryption Key derivation
-----------------------------------
PASSPHRASE = read from the user
PASSWORD = Read from the user. The password should be unicode normalized to NFKC format to ensure that the password can be entered identically on other computers/clients.
LOG\_N = Let the user or implementer choose one byte representing a power of 2 (e.g. 18 represents 262,144) which is used as the number of rounds for scrypt. Larger numbers take more time and more memory, and offer better protection:
| LOG\_N | MEMORY REQUIRED | APPROX TIME ON FAST COMPUTER |
|--------|-----------------|----------------------------- |
| 16 | 64 MiB | 100 ms |
| 18 | 256 MiB | |
| 20 | 1 GiB | 2 seconds |
| 21 | 2 GiB | |
| 22 | 4 GiB | |
| LOG_N | MEMORY REQUIRED | APPROX TIME ON FAST COMPUTER |
|-------|-----------------|----------------------------- |
| 16 | 64 MiB | 100 ms |
| 18 | 256 MiB | |
| 20 | 1 GiB | 2 seconds |
| 21 | 2 GiB | |
| 22 | 4 GiB | |
SALT = 16 random bytes
SYMMETRIC_KEY = scrypt(passphrase=PASSPHRASE, salt=SALT, log\_n=LOG\_N, r=8, p=1)
SYMMETRIC_KEY = scrypt(password=PASSWORD, salt=SALT, log\_n=LOG\_N, r=8, p=1)
The symmetric key should be 32 bytes long.
@ -78,6 +78,22 @@ The decryption process operates in the reverse.
Test Data
---------
## Password Unicode Normalization
The following password input: "ÅΩẛ̣"
- Unicode Codepoints: U+212B U+2126 U+1E9B U+0323
- UTF-8 bytes: [0xE2, 0x84, 0xAB, 0xE2, 0x84, 0xA6, 0xE1, 0xBA, 0x9B, 0xCC, 0xA3]
Should be converted into the unicode normalized NFKC format prior to use in scrypt: "ÅΩẛ̣"
- Unicode Codepoints: U+00C5 U+03A9 U+1E69
- UTF-8 bytes: [0xC3, 0x85, 0xCE, 0xA9, 0xE1, 0xB9, 0xA9]
## Encryption
The encryption process is non-deterministic due to the random nonce.
## Decryption
The following encrypted private key:
`ncryptsec1qgg9947rlpvqu76pj5ecreduf9jxhselq2nae2kghhvd5g7dgjtcxfqtd67p9m0w57lspw8gsq6yphnm8623nsl8xn9j4jdzz84zm3frztj3z7s35vpzmqf6ksu8r89qk5z2zxfmu5gv8th8wclt0h4p`
@ -86,8 +102,6 @@ When decrypted with password='nostr' and log_n=16 yields the following hex-encod
`3501454135014541350145413501453fefb02227e449e57cf4d3a3ce05378683`
The reverse process is non-deterministic due to the random nonce.
Discussion
----------

4
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@ -47,3 +47,7 @@ Relays SHOULD exclude spam from search results by default if they support some f
Relay MAY support these extensions:
- `include:spam` - turn off spam filtering, if it was enabled by default
- `domain:<domain>` - include only events from users whose valid nip05 domain matches the domain
- `language:<two letter ISO 639-1 language code>` - include only events of a specified language
- `sentiment:<negative/neutral/positive>` - include only events of a specific sentiment
- `nsfw:<true/false>` - include or exclude nsfw events (default: true)

26
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@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ For example, _mute list_ can contain the public keys of spammers and bad actors
| Public chats | 10005 | [NIP-28](28.md) chat channels the user is in | `"e"` (kind:40 channel definitions) |
| Blocked relays | 10006 | relays clients should never connect to | `"relay"` (relay URLs) |
| Search relays | 10007 | relays clients should use when performing search queries | `"relay"` (relay URLs) |
| Simple groups | 10009 | [NIP-29](29.md) groups the user is in | `"group"` ([NIP-29](29.md) group ids + mandatory relay URL) |
| Interests | 10015 | topics a user may be interested in and pointers | `"t"` (hashtags) and `"a"` (kind:30015 interest set) |
| Emojis | 10030 | user preferred emojis and pointers to emoji sets | `"emoji"` (see [NIP-30](30.md)) and `"a"` (kind:30030 emoji set) |
@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ Aside from their main identifier, the `"d"` tag, sets can optionally have a `"ti
| Curation sets | 30005 | groups of videos picked by users as interesting and/or belonging to the same category | `"a"` (kind:34235 videos) |
| Interest sets | 30015 | interest topics represented by a bunch of "hashtags" | `"t"` (hashtags) |
| Emoji sets | 30030 | categorized emoji groups | `"emoji"` (see [NIP-30](30.md)) |
| Release artifact sets | 30063 | groups of files of a software release | `"e"` (kind:1063 [file metadata](94.md) events), `"i"` (application identifier, typically reverse domain notation), `"version"` |
## Deprecated standard lists
@ -103,6 +105,30 @@ Some clients have used these lists in the past, but they should work on transiti
}
```
### A _release artifact set_ of an Example App
```json
{
"id": "567b41fc9060c758c4216fe5f8d3df7c57daad7ae757fa4606f0c39d4dd220ef",
"pubkey": "d6dc95542e18b8b7aec2f14610f55c335abebec76f3db9e58c254661d0593a0c",
"created_at": 1695327657,
"kind": 30063,
"tags": [
["d", "ak8dy3v7"],
["i", "com.example.app"],
["version", "0.0.1"],
["title", "Example App"],
["image", "http://cdn.site/p/com.example.app/icon.png"],
["e", "d78ba0d5dce22bfff9db0a9e996c9ef27e2c91051de0c4e1da340e0326b4941e"], // Windows exe
["e", "f27e2c91051de0c4e1da0d5dce22bfff9db0a9340e0326b4941ed78bae996c9e"], // MacOS dmg
["e", "9d24ddfab95ba3ff7c03fbd07ad011fff245abea431fb4d3787c2d04aad02332"], // Linux AppImage
["e", "340e0326b340e0326b4941ed78ba340e0326b4941ed78ba340e0326b49ed78ba"] // PWA
],
"content": "Example App is a decentralized marketplace for apps",
"sig": "a9a4e2192eede77e6c9d24ddfab95ba3ff7c03fbd07ad011fff245abea431fb4d3787c2d04aad001cb039cb8de91d83ce30e9a94f82ac3c5a2372aa1294a96bd"
}
```
## Encryption process pseudocode
```scala

2
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ The `.content` is not used.
["r", "wss://alicerelay.example.com"],
["r", "wss://brando-relay.com"],
["r", "wss://expensive-relay.example2.com", "write"],
["r", "wss://nostr-relay.example.com", "read"],
["r", "wss://nostr-relay.example.com", "read"]
],
"content": "",
...other fields

45
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@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
NIP-92
======
Media Attachments
-----------------
Media attachments (images, videos, and other files) may be added to events by including a URL in the event content, along with a matching `imeta` tag.
`imeta` ("inline metadata") tags add information about media URLs in the event's content. Each `imeta` tag SHOULD match a URL in the event content. Clients may replace imeta URLs with rich previews.
The `imeta` tag is variadic, and each entry is a space-delimited key/value pair.
Each `imeta` tag MUST have a `url`, and at least one other field. `imeta` may include
any field specified by [NIP 94](./94.md). There SHOULD be only one `imeta` tag per URL.
## Example
```json
{
"content": "More image metadata tests don’t mind me https://nostr.build/i/my-image.jpg",
"kind": 1,
"tags": [
[
"imeta",
"url https://nostr.build/i/my-image.jpg",
"m image/jpeg",
"blurhash eVF$^OI:${M{o#*0-nNFxakD-?xVM}WEWB%iNKxvR-oetmo#R-aen$",
"dim 3024x4032",
"alt A scenic photo overlooking the coast of Costa Rica",
"x <sha256 hash as specified in NIP 94>",
"fallback https://nostrcheck.me/alt1.jpg",
"fallback https://void.cat/alt1.jpg"
]
]
}
```
## Recommended client behavior
When uploading files during a new post, clients MAY include this metadata
after the file is uploaded and included in the post.
When pasting URLs during post composition, the client MAY download the file
and add this metadata before the post is sent.
The client MAY ignore `imeta` tags that do not match the URL in the event content.

1
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@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ This NIP specifies the use of the `1063` event type, having in `content` a descr
* `image` (optional) url of preview image with same dimensions
* `summary` (optional) text excerpt
* `alt` (optional) description for accessibility
* `fallback` (optional) zero or more fallback file sources in case `url` fails
```json
{

9
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@ -82,14 +82,7 @@ it must use the "api_url" field instead.
### List of Supporting File Storage Servers
| Name | Domain |
| ------------- | ------------------------- |
| nostrcheck.me | https://nostrcheck.me |
| nostrage | https://nostrage.com |
| sove | https://sove.rent |
| nostr.build | https://nostr.build |
| sovbit | https://files.sovbit.host |
| void.cat | https://void.cat |
See https://github.com/aljazceru/awesome-nostr#nip-96-file-storage-servers.
## Upload

1
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@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ The following tags, used for structured metadata, are standardized and SHOULD be
- `"<number>"` is the amount in numeric format (but included in the tag as a string)
- `"<currency>"` is the currency unit in 3-character ISO 4217 format or ISO 4217-like currency code (e.g. `"btc"`, `"eth"`).
- `"<frequency>"` is optional and can be used to describe recurring payments. SHOULD be in noun format (hour, day, week, month, year, etc.)
- - `"status"` (optional), the status of the listing. SHOULD be either "active" or "sold".
#### `price` examples

46
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@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
# Breaking Changes
This is a history of NIP changes that potentially break pre-existing implementations, in
reverse chronological order.
| Date | Commit | NIP | Change |
| ----------- | --------- | -------- | ------ |
| 2024-02-25 | [4a171cb0](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/4a171cb0) | [NIP-18](18.md) | quote repost should use `q` tag |
| 2024-02-16 | [cbec02ab](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cbec02ab) | [NIP-49](49.md) | Password first normalized to NFKC |
| 2024-02-15 | [afbb8dd0](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/afbb8dd0) | [NIP-39](39.md) | PGP identity was removed |
| 2024-02-07 | [d3dad114](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d3dad114) | [NIP-46](46.md) | Connection token format was changed |
| 2024-01-30 | [1a2b21b6](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/1a2b21b6) | [NIP-59](59.md) | 'p' tag became optional |
| 2023-01-27 | [c2f34817](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/c2f34817) | [NIP-47](47.md) | optional expiration tag should be honored |
| 2024-01-10 | [3d8652ea](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/3d8652ea) | [NIP-02](02.md) | list entries should be chronological |
| 2024-01-10 | [3d8652ea](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/3d8652ea) | [NIP-51](51.md) | list entries should be chronological |
| 2023-12-30 | [29869821](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/29869821) | [NIP-52](52.md) | 'name' tag was removed (use 'title' tag instead) |
| 2023-12-27 | [17c67ef5](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/17c67ef5) | [NIP-94](94.md) | 'aes-256-gcm' tag was removed |
| 2023-12-03 | [0ba45895](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/0ba45895) | [NIP-01](01.md) | WebSocket status code `4000` was replaced by 'CLOSED' message |
| 2023-11-28 | [6de35f9e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/6de35f9e) | [NIP-89](89.md) | 'client' tag value was changed |
| 2023-11-20 | [7822a8b1](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7822a8b1) | [NIP-51](51.md) | `kind: 30000` and `kind: 30001` were deprecated |
| 2023-11-11 | [cbdca1e9](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cbdca1e9) | [NIP-84](84.md) | 'range' tag was removed |
| 2023-11-07 | [108b7f16](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/108b7f16) | [NIP-01](01.md) | 'OK' message must have 4 items |
| 2023-10-17 | [cf672b76](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cf672b76) | [NIP-03](03.md) | 'block' tag was removed |
| 2023-09-29 | [7dc6385f](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7dc6385f) | [NIP-57](57.md) | optional 'a' tag was included in `zap receipt` |
| 2023-08-21 | [89915e02](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/89915e02) | [NIP-11](11.md) | 'min_prefix' was removed |
| 2023-08-20 | [37c4375e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/37c4375e) | [NIP-01](01.md) | replaceable events with same timestamp should be retained event with lowest id |
| 2023-08-15 | [88ee873c](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/88ee873c) | [NIP-15](15.md) | 'countries' tag was renamed to 'regions' |
| 2023-08-14 | [72bb8a12](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/72bb8a12) | [NIP-12](12.md) | NIP-12, 16, 20 and 33 were merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-08-14 | [72bb8a12](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/72bb8a12) | [NIP-16](16.md) | NIP-12, 16, 20 and 33 were merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-08-14 | [72bb8a12](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/72bb8a12) | [NIP-20](20.md) | NIP-12, 16, 20 and 33 were merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-08-14 | [72bb8a12](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/72bb8a12) | [NIP-33](33.md) | NIP-12, 16, 20 and 33 were merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-08-11 | [d87f8617](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d87f8617) | [NIP-25](25.md) | empty `content` should be considered as "+" |
| 2023-08-01 | [5d63b157](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/5d63b157) | [NIP-57](57.md) | 'zap' tag was changed |
| 2023-07-15 | [d1814405](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d1814405) | [NIP-01](01.md) | `since` and `until` filters should be `since <= created_at <= until` |
| 2023-07-12 | [a1cd2bd8](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/a1cd2bd8) | [NIP-25](25.md) | custom emoji was supported |
| 2023-06-18 | [83cbd3e1](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/83cbd3e1) | [NIP-11](11.md) | 'image' was renamed to 'icon' |
| 2023-04-13 | [bf0a0da6](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/bf0a0da6) | [NIP-15](15.md) | different NIP was re-added as NIP-15 |
| 2023-04-09 | [fb5b7c73](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/fb5b7c73) | [NIP-15](15.md) | NIP-15 was merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-03-15 | [e1004d3d](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/e1004d3d) | [NIP-19](19.md) | `1: relay` was changed to optionally |
Breaking changes prior to 2023-03-01 are not yet documented.
## NOTES
- If it isn't clear that a change is breaking or not, we list it.
- The date is the date it was merged, not necessarily the date of the commit.

30
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@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [Criteria for acceptance of NIPs](#criteria-for-acceptance-of-nips)
- [Is this repository a centralizing factor?](#is-this-repository-a-centralizing-factor)
- [How this repository works](#how-this-repository-works)
- [Breaking Changes](#breaking-changes)
- [License](#license)
---
@ -44,9 +45,11 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [NIP-26: Delegated Event Signing](26.md)
- [NIP-27: Text Note References](27.md)
- [NIP-28: Public Chat](28.md)
- [NIP-29: Relay-based Groups](29.md)
- [NIP-30: Custom Emoji](30.md)
- [NIP-31: Dealing with Unknown Events](31.md)
- [NIP-32: Labeling](32.md)
- [NIP-34: `git` stuff](34.md)
- [NIP-36: Sensitive Content](36.md)
- [NIP-38: User Statuses](38.md)
- [NIP-39: External Identities in Profiles](39.md)
@ -73,6 +76,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [NIP-84: Highlights](84.md)
- [NIP-89: Recommended Application Handlers](89.md)
- [NIP-90: Data Vending Machines](90.md)
- [NIP-92: Media Attachments](92.md)
- [NIP-94: File Metadata](94.md)
- [NIP-96: HTTP File Storage Integration](96.md)
- [NIP-98: HTTP Auth](98.md)
@ -90,6 +94,11 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `6` | Repost | [18](18.md) |
| `7` | Reaction | [25](25.md) |
| `8` | Badge Award | [58](58.md) |
| `9` | Group Chat Message | [29](29.md) |
| `10` | Group Chat Threaded Reply | [29](29.md) |
| `11` | Group Thread | [29](29.md) |
| `12` | Group Thread Reply | [29](29.md) |
| `13` | Seal | [59](59.md) |
| `16` | Generic Repost | [18](18.md) |
| `40` | Channel Creation | [28](28.md) |
| `41` | Channel Metadata | [28](28.md) |
@ -99,8 +108,12 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `1021` | Bid | [15](15.md) |
| `1022` | Bid confirmation | [15](15.md) |
| `1040` | OpenTimestamps | [03](03.md) |
| `1059` | Gift Wrap | [59](59.md) |
| `1063` | File Metadata | [94](94.md) |
| `1311` | Live Chat Message | [53](53.md) |
| `1617` | Patches | [34](34.md) |
| `1621` | Issues | [34](34.md) |
| `1622` | Replies | [34](34.md) |
| `1971` | Problem Tracker | [nostrocket][nostrocket] |
| `1984` | Reporting | [56](56.md) |
| `1985` | Label | [32](32.md) |
@ -108,6 +121,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `5000`-`5999` | Job Request | [90](90.md) |
| `6000`-`6999` | Job Result | [90](90.md) |
| `7000` | Job Feedback | [90](90.md) |
| `9000`-`9030` | Group Control Events | [29](29.md) |
| `9041` | Zap Goal | [75](75.md) |
| `9734` | Zap Request | [57](57.md) |
| `9735` | Zap | [57](57.md) |
@ -120,6 +134,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `10005` | Public chats list | [51](51.md) |
| `10006` | Blocked relays list | [51](51.md) |
| `10007` | Search relays list | [51](51.md) |
| `10009` | User groups | [51](51.md), [29](29.md) |
| `10015` | Interests list | [51](51.md) |
| `10030` | User emoji list | [51](51.md) |
| `10096` | File storage server list | [96](96.md) |
@ -145,17 +160,20 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `30023` | Long-form Content | [23](23.md) |
| `30024` | Draft Long-form Content | [23](23.md) |
| `30030` | Emoji sets | [51](51.md) |
| `30063` | Release artifact sets | [51](51.md) |
| `30078` | Application-specific Data | [78](78.md) |
| `30311` | Live Event | [53](53.md) |
| `30315` | User Statuses | [38](38.md) |
| `30402` | Classified Listing | [99](99.md) |
| `30403` | Draft Classified Listing | [99](99.md) |
| `30617` | Repository announcements | [34](34.md) |
| `31922` | Date-Based Calendar Event | [52](52.md) |
| `31923` | Time-Based Calendar Event | [52](52.md) |
| `31924` | Calendar | [52](52.md) |
| `31925` | Calendar Event RSVP | [52](52.md) |
| `31989` | Handler recommendation | [89](89.md) |
| `31990` | Handler information | [89](89.md) |
| `39000-9` | Group metadata events | [29](29.md) |
| `34550` | Community Definition | [72](72.md) |
[nostrocket]: https://github.com/nostrocket/NIPS/blob/main/Problems.md
@ -201,6 +219,7 @@ Please update these lists when proposing NIPs introducing new event kinds.
| `l` | label, label namespace | annotations | [32](32.md) |
| `L` | label namespace | -- | [32](32.md) |
| `m` | MIME type | -- | [94](94.md) |
| `q` | event id (hex) | relay URL | [18](18.md) |
| `r` | a reference (URL, etc) | petname | |
| `r` | relay url | marker | [65](65.md) |
| `t` | hashtag | -- | |
@ -209,17 +228,19 @@ Please update these lists when proposing NIPs introducing new event kinds.
| `bolt11` | `bolt11` invoice | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `challenge` | challenge string | -- | [42](42.md) |
| `client` | name, address | relay URL | [89](89.md) |
| `clone` | git clone URL | -- | [34](34.md) |
| `content-warning` | reason | -- | [36](36.md) |
| `delegation` | pubkey, conditions, delegation token | -- | [26](26.md) |
| `description` | invoice/badge description | -- | [57](57.md), [58](58.md) |
| `description` | description | -- | [34](34.md), [57](57.md), [58](58.md) |
| `emoji` | shortcode, image URL | -- | [30](30.md) |
| `encrypted` | -- | -- | [90](90.md) |
| `expiration` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [40](40.md) |
| `goal` | event id (hex) | relay URL | [75](75.md) |
| `image` | image URL | dimensions in pixels | [23](23.md), [58](58.md) |
| `imeta` | inline metadata | -- | [92](92.md) |
| `lnurl` | `bech32` encoded `lnurl` | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `location` | location string | -- | [52](52.md), [99](99.md) |
| `name` | badge name | -- | [58](58.md) |
| `name` | name | -- | [34](34.md), [58](58.md) |
| `nonce` | random | -- | [13](13.md) |
| `preimage` | hash of `bolt11` invoice | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `price` | price | currency, frequency | [99](99.md) |
@ -232,6 +253,7 @@ Please update these lists when proposing NIPs introducing new event kinds.
| `summary` | article summary | -- | [23](23.md) |
| `thumb` | badge thumbnail | dimensions in pixels | [58](58.md) |
| `title` | article title | -- | [23](23.md) |
| `web` | webpage URL | -- | [34](34.md) |
| `zap` | pubkey (hex), relay URL | weight | [57](57.md) |
## Criteria for acceptance of NIPs
@ -256,6 +278,10 @@ Standards may emerge in two ways: the first way is that someone starts doing som
These two ways of standardizing things are supported by this repository. Although the second is preferred, an effort will be made to codify standards emerged outside this repository into NIPs that can be later referenced and easily understood and implemented by others -- but obviously as in any human system discretion may be applied when standards are considered harmful.
## Breaking Changes
[Breaking Changes](BREAKING.md)
## License
All NIPs are public domain.