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NIP-XX

Nostr-Specific Deterministic Private Key Generation from Ethereum Wallet Signature

draft optional author:0xc0de4c0ffee author:sshmatrix

Abstract

This specification provides an optional method for Nostr clients to generate deterministic private keys from Ethereum wallet signatures.

Terminology

a) username

Username can be either of the following:

username or user@domain.eth.limo or domain.eth.limo or sub.domain.eth.limo, where,

  • username is a NIP-02 compatible name,
  • name@domain.eth.limo is a NIP-05 compatible name,
  • domain.eth.limo is NIP-05 equivalent of _@domain.eth.limo,
  • sub.domain.eth.limo is NIP-05 equivalent of _@sub.domain.eth.limo.

Note : sub@domain.eth.limo and sub.domain.eth.limo are NOT same ID as their signatures will be different.

b) password

Password is optional string value used in HKDF salt,

let password = "horse staple battery"
let salt = await sha256(`eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${password?password:""}:${signature.slice(68)}`);

c) message

let message = `Login to Nostr as ${username}\n\nImportant: Please verify the integrity and authenticity of your Nostr client before signing this message.\n${info}`

d) signature

Deterministic signature from connected wallet. Signatures are 65 bytes long, bytes1(v)+bytes32(r)+bytes32(s).

let signature = wallet.signMessage(message);

e) HKDF

HKDF-SHA-256 is used to derive 42 bytes long hash key. hkdf(sha256, inputKey, salt, info, dkLen = 42)

  • Input key is SHA-256 hash of signature bytes. 
    let inputKey = await sha256(hexToBytes(signature.slice(2)));
  • Salt is SHA-256 hash of following identifier string. signature.slice(68) is hex s value of signature, last 32 bytes. 
    let salt = await sha256(`eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${password?password:""}:${signature.slice(68)}`);
  • Info is string with following format. 
    let info = `eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${address}`;
  • Derived Key Length is set to 42. FIPS 186/4 B.4.1 require hash length to be >=n+8 where, n is length of final private key. (42 >= 32 + 8) 
    let dkLen = 42;
  • hashToPrivateKey function is FIPS 186-4 B.4.1 implementation to convert derived hash keys from HKDFto valid secp256k1 private keys. This function is implemented in js @noble/secp256k1 as hashToPrivateKey. 
    let hashKey = hkdf(sha256, inputKey, salt, info, dkLen=42);
let privKey = secp256k1.utils.hashToPrivateKey(hashKey);
let pubKey = secp256k1.schnorr.getPublicKey(privKey);

Implementation Requirements

  • Connected Ethereum Wallet signer MUST be EIP191 and RFC6979 compatible.
  • The message MUST be string formatted as Login to Nostr as ${username}\n\nImportant: Please verify the integrity and authenticity of your Nostr client before signing this message.\n${info}.
  • HKDF input key MUST be generated as the SHA-256 hash of 65 bytes signature.
  • HKDF salt MUST be generated as SHA-256 hash of string eip155:${chainID}:${username}:${password?password:""}:${signature.slice(68)}.
  • HKDF derived key length MUST be 42.
  • HKDF info MUST be string formatted as eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${address}

JS Example

const secp256k1 = require('@noble/secp256k1');
const {hexToBytes, bytesToHex} = require('@noble/hashes/utils');
const {hkdf} = require('@noble/hashes/hkdf');
const {sha256} = require('@noble/hashes/sha256');

// const wallet = // connected ethereum wallet with ethers.js
let username = "me@domain.eth.limo"
let chainId = wallet.getChainId(); // get chainid from connected wallet
let address = wallet.getAddress(); // get address from wallet
let info = `eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${address}`;

let message = `Login to Nostr as ${username}\n\nImportant: Please verify the integrity and authenticity of your Nostr client before signing this message.\n${info}`
let signature = wallet.signMessage(message); // request signature from wallet

let password = "horse staple battery"
let inputKey = await sha256(hexToBytes(signature.slice(2))); //skip "0x"
let salt = await sha256(`eip155:${chainId}:${username}:${password?password:""}:${signature.slice(68)}`);
let dkLen = 42; 

let hashKey = await hkdf(sha256, inputKey, salt, info, dkLen);
let privKey = secp256k1.utils.hashToPrivateKey(hashKey);
let pubKey = secp256k1.schnorr.getPublicKey(privKey);

Security Considerations

  • Users should always verify the integrity and authenticity of the Nostr client before signing the message.
  • Users should ensure that they only input their Nostr username and password in trusted and secure clients.
  • Implementing clients should ensure ..private key/security

References: